Effectiveness of prognostic nutritional index in predicting overall survival and evaluating immunotherapy response in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: The prognostic value of nutritional status in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) remains unclear. The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) is a reliable indicator of overall nutritional and immune status, and it has emerged as a significant prognostic factor in various malignancies. This study aimed to explore the utility of PNI in ATC. METHODS: We systematically reviewed ATC patients in our institute from January 2000 to June 2023 and categorized them into high and low PNI groups based on the median PNI value. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression were employed to assess the impact of PNI on overall survival, while ROC curve analysis evaluated the predictive value of PNI. Mimics software was used for three-dimensional reconstruction of pre- and post-immunotherapy tumor volumes, enabling the assessment of treatment response. RESULTS: A total of 77 ATC patients were included in this study. Low baseline PNI was associated with significantly shorter overall survival (1-year survival rate: 5.26% vs 30.77%; median survival time: 5.30 months vs 8.87 months). The 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year AUC values for PNI were 0.82, 0.79, and 0.77, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, both PNI and tumor size emerged as independent prognostic factors for patient overall survival. Among ATC patients receiving 2-3 cycles of immunotherapy, an increase in post-treatment PNI levels was positively correlated with a reduction in tumor volume. CONCLUSION: PNI is an independent predictor of overall survival and holds the potential to serve as a valuable indicator for assessing and predicting immunotherapy efficacy in ATC patients.

Designing a superhydrophobic cotton fiber coating exploiting TiO2@g-C3N4 layered structure for augmented photocatalysis and efficient water-oil separation.

This study introduces a novel approach to develop a multifunctional coating on cotton fabric, emphasizing the utilization of cotton fiber as a biological macromolecule, by integrating a TiO2@g-C3N4 layered structure to confer superhydrophobic properties and multiple functionalities. The engineered structure not only enhances fabric roughness but also incorporates non-fluoro hydrophobic agents, thereby imparting diverse capabilities such as photocatalysis, oil-water separation, and self-cleaning to the cotton substrate. Fabrication of the TiO2@g-C3N4 layered structure involved ultrasonic dispersion of TiO2 and g-C3N4, subsequently deposited onto cotton fabric. Sequential hydrophobic treatment with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) achieved superhydrophobicity, exhibiting an exceptional water contact angle (WCA) of 157.9°. Comprehensive characterization via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and thermogravimetric validated the composite's structural and chemical properties. The introduced TiO2@g-C3N4 structure significantly enhanced fabric roughness, while PDMS treatment lowered surface energy and IPDI hydrolysis facilitated cross-linking, ensuring durability. The resultant TiO2@g-C3N4/PDMS cotton exhibited outstanding self-cleaning properties and demonstrated oil adsorption capacity, accommodating both heavy and light oils. Notably, this superhydrophobic cotton efficiently separated water-oil mixtures, achieving 96.8 % efficiency even after 10 cycles. Moreover, under simulated light, it displayed outstanding photocatalytic degradation (93.2 %) of methylene blue while maintaining a WCA of 150° post-degradation, highlighting sustained functionality. This innovation holds promise for sustainable applications, offering robust physical and chemical durability within the realm of biological macromolecules. The amalgamation of TiO2@g-C3N4 layered structure and PDMS treatment on cotton fabric underscores a sustainable approach to address water-oil separation challenges and enable efficient self-cleaning. This research demonstrates a significant step towards sustainable material applications and addresses pertinent real-world challenges in diverse technological domains.

Acquire, Curate, Diversify: Staying Current With Key Medical Education Literature.

Rapid technological advancement has led to increasingly convenient and affordable access to academic publications while also contributing to information overload.We recommend the following strategies for clinicians and researchers to effectively stay current with themedical education literaturemost applicable to their areas of focus. 1,2.

Cotton fiber-based dressings with wireless electrical stimulation and antibacterial activity for wound repair.

Although cotton dressing is one of the most commonly used wound management materials, it lacks antimicrobial and healing-promoting activity. This work developed a multilayer electroactive composite cotton dressing (Ag/Zn@Cotton/Paraffin) with exudate-activated electrical stimulation and antibacterial activity by the green and sustainable magnetron-sputtering and spraying methods. The inner hydrophilic layer of the cotton dressing was magnetron sputtered with silver/zinc galvanic couple arrays (Ag/Zn), which can be activated by wound exudate, generating an electrical stimulation (ES) into the wound. The Ag/Zn@Cotton showed efficient antibacterial activities against S. aureus and E. coli. Meanwhile, the paraffin-sprayed outer surface showed excellent antibacterial adhesion rates for S. aureus (99.82 %) and E. coli (97.92 %). The in vitro cell experiments showed that the ES generated by Ag/Zn@Cotton/Paraffin increased the migration of fibroblasts, and the in vivo mouse model indicated that the Ag/Zn@Cotton/Paraffin could enhance wound healing via re-epithelialization, inflammatory inhibition, collagen deposition, and angiogenesis. MTT method and live/dead staining showed that Ag/Zn@Cotton/Paraffin had no significant cytotoxic effects. This work may shed some light on designing and fabricating multi-functional electroactive composited dressings based on traditional biomedical textiles.

Solution blow spun bilayer chitosan/polylactic acid nanofibrous patch with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties for accelerating acne healing.

The quercetin (QC) loaded chitosan (CS) nanofibrous patch (CSQC) was designed and fabricated successfully by solution blow spinning (SBS). And it was employed to explore a functional double-layer nanofibrous patch (CSQC/PLA) with polylactic acid (PLA) for overcoming the resistance of acne-causing bacteria to antibiotics and local cutaneous irritation. The nanofibrous patch possessed a fluffy bilayer structure with good air permeability, which may be befitted from the SBS method. The 10 % QC loaded CSQC0.10/PLA had sustained release ability of QC for 24 h. A high free radical clearance rate (91.18 ± 2.26 %) and robust antibacterial activity against P. acnes (94.4 %) were achieved for CSQC0.10/PLA with excellent biocompatibility. Meanwhile, E. coli and S. aureus were also suppressed with 99.4 % and 99.2 %, respectively. Moreover, the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) was significantly reduced, conducive to acne healing. Therefore, the CSQC0.10/PLA bilayer nanofibrous patch designed here may shed some light on developing multifunctional materials for treating acne infectious wounds.

Photosynthetic System Based on a Polyoxometalate-Based Dehydrated Metal-Organic Framework for Nitrogen Fixation.

In nature, biological nitrogen fixation is accomplished through the π-back-bonding mechanism of nitrogenase, which poses significant challenges for mimic artificial systems, thanks to the activation barrier associated with the N≡N bond. Consequently, this motivates us to develop efficient and reusable photocatalysts for artificial nitrogen fixation under mild conditions. We employ a charge-assisted self-assembly process toward encapsulating one polyoxometalate (POM) within a dehydrated Zr-based metal-organic framework (d-UiO-66) exhibiting nitrogen photofixation activities, thereby constructing an enzyme-mimicking photocatalyst. The dehydration of d-UiO-66 is favorable for facilitating nitrogen chemisorption and activation via the unpaired d-orbital electron at the [Zr6O6] cluster. The incorporation of POM guests enhanced the charge separation in the composites, thereby facilitating the transfer of photoexcited electrons into the π* antibonding orbital of chemisorbed N2 for efficient nitrogen fixation. Simultaneously, the catalytic efficiency of SiW9Fe3@d-UiO-66 is enhanced by 9.0 times compared to that of d-UiO-66. Moreover, SiW9Fe3@d-UiO-66 exhibits an apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of 0.254% at 550 nm. The tactics of "working-in-tandem" achieved by POMs and d-UiO-66 are extremely vital for enhancing artificial ammonia synthesis. This study presents a paradigm for the development of an efficient artificial catalyst for nitrogen photofixation, aiming to mimic the process of biological nitrogen fixation.

The Contribution of the Internet to Promoting Mental Health for Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Survey in China.

BACKGROUND: Health is an important topic for everyone and essential to high-quality economic and social development. Recently, some researchers have suggested that older adults' internet use may have a health effect. OBJECTIVE: This study specifically aims to clarify the relationship between internet use and the mental health of older adults, for which other surveys present contradictory results. METHODS: Data were obtained from the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey conducted in 2018. A total of 6648 participants were included. Mental health was assessed by the 12-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Ordinary least squares regression was adopted to explore the relationship between internet use (independent variable) and the mental health of older adults. Robustness analysis, sensitivity analysis, and heterogeneity analysis were conducted in detail to verify the empirical result. A mediating effect analysis was further conducted to discover the effect mechanism between the dependent and independent variables. RESULTS: It was found that internet use and smartphone use can significantly improve the mental health of older adults (ordinary least squares, ß=.075; P<.001). After endogenous and robustness tests were conducted, the aforementioned conclusion remained robust. In particular, participation in voluntary activities played a mediating role in the relationship between internet use and the mental health of older adults. In addition, younger subjective age enhanced the positive effect of internet use on the mental health of older adults. CONCLUSIONS: Internet users showed higher levels of mental health among Chinese older adults. To improve the mental health of older adults, the government should not only cultivate the ability to use the internet but also encourage greater participation in voluntary activities among older adults.

Self-Assembly of Polyoxometalate-Based Sub-1†nm Polyhedral Building Blocks into Rhombic Dodecahedral Superstructures.

Self-assembly of subnanometer (sub-1 nm) scale polyhedral building blocks can yield some superstructures with novel and interesting morphology as well as potential functionalities. However, achieving the self-assembly of sub-1 nm polyhedral building blocks is still a great challenge. Herein, through encapsulating the titanium-substituted polyoxometalate (POM, K7 PTi2 W10 O40 ) with tetrabutylammonium cations (TBA+ ), we first synthesized a sub-1 nm rhombic dodecahedral building block by further tailoring the spatial distribution of TBA+ on the POM. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations demonstrated the eight TBA+ cations interacted with the POM cluster and formed the sub-1 nm rhombic dodecahedron. As a result of anisotropy, the sub-1 nm building blocks have self-assembled into rhombic dodecahedral POM (RD-POM) assemblies at the microscale. Benefiting from the regular structure, Br- ions, and abundant active sites, the obtained RD-POM assemblies exhibit excellent catalytic performance in the cycloaddition of CO2 with epoxides without co-catalysts. This work provides a promising approach to tailor the symmetry and structure of sub-1 nm building blocks by tuning the spatial distribution of ligands, which may shed light on the fabrication of superstructures with novel properties by self-assembly.

The contribution of audiobook use on the mental health of older adults: the mediating effects of social adaptation.

Objectives: This study aims to examine the association between audiobook use and the mental health of older adults.Methods: Data were from the 2018 China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey(CLASS 2018). The study utilized multiple linear regression to examine the association between audiobook use and the mental health of older adults. Robustness and heterogeneity analyses were conducted to validate the findings. Mediation analysis was employed to assess the mediating role of social adaptation in the relationship between audiobook use and mental health.Results: The study revealed a significant positive association between audiobook use and the mental health of older adults. Further mediation analysis indicated that social adaptation played a mediating role in this relationship.Conclusion: These findings underscore the potential of audiobooks as a valuable tool for promoting the mental health of older individuals. The research emphasizes the significance of integrating audiobook interventions into strategies aimed at enhancing the mental health of the older adults.

Intratumor microbiome: selective colonization in the tumor microenvironment and a vital regulator of tumor biology.

The polymorphic microbiome has been proposed as a new hallmark of cancer. Intratumor microbiome has been revealed to play vital roles in regulating tumor initiation and progression, but the regulatory mechanisms have not been fully uncovered. In this review, we illustrated that similar to other components in the tumor microenvironment, the reside and composition of intratumor microbiome are regulated by tumor cells and the surrounding microenvironment. The intratumor hypoxic, immune suppressive, and highly permeable microenvironment may select certain microbiomes, and tumor cells may directly interact with microbiome via molecular binding or secretions. Conversely, the intratumor microbiomes plays vital roles in regulating tumor initiation and progression via regulating the mutational landscape, the function of genes in tumor cells and modulating the tumor microenvironment, including immunity, inflammation, angiogenesis, stem cell niche, etc. Moreover, intratumor microbiome is regulated by anti-cancer therapies and actively influences therapy response, which could be a therapeutic target or engineered to be a therapy weapon in the clinic. This review highlights the intratumor microbiome as a vital component in the tumor microenvironment, uncovers potential mutual regulatory mechanisms between the tumor microenvironment and intratumor microbiome, and points out the ongoing research directions and drawbacks of the research area, which should broaden our view of microbiome and enlighten further investigation directions.

Ce-mediated molecular tailoring on gigantic polyoxometalate {Mo132} into half-closed {Ce11Mo96} for high proton conduction.

Precise synthesis of polyoxometalates (POMs) is important for the fundamental understanding of the relationship between the structure and function of each building motif. However, it is a great challenge to realize the atomic-level tailoring of specific sites in POMs without altering the major framework. Herein, we report the case of Ce-mediated molecular tailoring on gigantic {Mo132}, which has a closed structural motif involving a never seen {Mo110} decamer. Such capped wheel {Mo132} undergoes a quasi-isomerism with known {Mo132} ball displaying different optical behaviors. Experiencing an 'Inner-On-Outer' binding process with the substituent of {Mo2} reactive sites in {Mo132}, the site-specific Ce ions drive the dissociation of {Mo2*} clipping sites and finally give rise to a predictable half-closed product {Ce11Mo96}. By virtue of the tailor-made open cavity, the {Ce11Mo96} achieves high proton conduction, nearly two orders of magnitude than that of {Mo132}. This work offers a significant step toward the controllable assembly of POM clusters through a Ce-mediated molecular tailoring process for desirable properties.

miR-30e-5p-mediated FOXD1 promotes cell proliferation by blocking cellular senescence and apoptosis through p21/CDK2/Rb signaling in head and neck carcinoma.

Forkhead box D1 (FOXD1) belongs to the FOX protein family, which has been found to function as a oncogene in multiple cancer types, but its role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) requires further investigation. Our research aimed to investigate the function of FOXD1 in HNSCC. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that mRNA level of FOXD1 was highly expressed in HNSCC tissues, and over-expressed FOXD1 was related to poor prognosis. Moreover, FOXD1 knockdown increased the ratio of senescent cells but decreased the proliferation ability, while FOXD1 overexpression obtained the opposite results. In vitro experiments revealed that FOXD1 bound to the p21 promoter and inhibited its transcription, which blocked the cyclin dependent kinase 2 (CDK2)/retinoblastoma (Rb) signaling pathway, thus preventing senescence and accelerating proliferation of tumor cells. CDK2 inhibitor could reverse the process to some extent. Further research has shown that miR-3oe-5p serves as a tumor suppressant by repressing the translation of FOXD1 through combining with the 3'-untranslated region (UTR). Thus, FOXD1 resists cellular senescence and facilitates HNSCC cell proliferation by affecting the expression of p21/CDK2/Rb signaling, suggesting that FOXD1 may be a potential curative target for HNSCC.

The effects of using Tempeh as a supplement for type 2 diabetes.

Studies suggest that the consumption of Tempeh can improve abnormal blood glucose and lipid parameters, although it remains still unclear as to whether Tempeh can improve tissue damage. In our study, db/db obese diabetic mice were given Tempeh 1 (300 mg/kg) and Tempeh 2 (600 mg/kg) for 3 months. The tissue samples collected were stained using different tissue-staining methodologies and were compared with the diabetic control group that was not given any Tempeh. Our results demonstrated that consuming high-dose Tempeh for 1 month could significantly reduce serum glucose and body weight in mice whereas the tissue section of our result could validate that consuming high-dose Tempeh for 3 months effectively improves lipid droplet size and lipid accumulation in the liver, aorta, and kidney of the mice. Moreover, an indication of the recovery of the damaged tissue could be observed in the heart and pancreatic tissue when high dosage of Tempeh was given as a treatment. Thus, it can be concluded that continuous consumption of Tempeh as a treatment could improve both blood glucose and body weight of diabetic mice while also improving lipid accumulation and tissue damage.

Photochemical Ammonia Synthesis over Reduced Polyoxovanadate-Intercalated Defective ZnAl Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheets.

The exploration of efficient and stable N2 fixation photocatalysts featuring a broad absorption spectrum and N2 fixation active sites has become specifically conspicuous. Herein, a series of reduced polyoxovanadates (POVs) were intercalated into copper-induced ZnAl layered double hydroxide (0.5%-ZnAl LDH) nanosheets with oxygen vacancies via an anion exchange strategy toward green ammonia production. The intervalence charge transfer arising from mixed-valence POV materials is responsible for its light-harvesting behavior, and the LDHs lay the foundation for the chemical adsorption and activation process of nitrogen molecules; both contributions facilitate the nitrogen photofixation performance of such composite materials. As predicted, the catalytic efficiency of V34/0.5%-ZnAl is 7.0 times higher than 0.5%-ZnAl LDH. Therefore, such an all-inorganic system exhibits an apparent quantum efficiency of 0.3137% at 500 nm. The strategy of "working in tandem" established by POV-based light-absorber species and oxygen vacancies as the sites for N2 activation is extremely vital for enhanced ammonia formation. This work opens up a versatile insight for the rational design of an efficient photo-driven nitrogen-reduction composite catalyst toward sustainable ammonia production compared to the industrial Haber-Bosch process.

4'-(8-(4-Methylimidazole)-octyloxy)-arctigenin: The first inhibitor of fish rhabdovirus glycoprotein.

Spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV), a highly pathogenic rhabdovirus, could cause spring viraemia of carp (SVC) with up to 90% lethality. Like other rhabdoviruses, the entry of SVCV into susceptible cells was mediated by a single envelope glycoprotein G. Specific inhibitors targeting the glycoprotein were the most effective means to alleviate the epidemic. The programs including SWISS-MODEL, I-TASSER, Phyre2 and AlphaFold2 were used to build a three-dimensional structural model of glycoprotein. The structural comparison between SVCV-G and homology protein VSV-G revealed that the SVCV glycoprotein ectodomain (residues 19 to 466) folded into four distinct domains. Based on the potential small molecule binding sites on glycoprotein surfaces, virtual screening of the anti-SVCV drug libraries was performed using Autodock software and 4'-(8-(4-Methylimidazole)-octyloxy)-arctigenin (MOA) with a high binding affinity was identified. The solubility enhancer tags including trigger factor and maltose binding protein were fused with the ectodomain of glycoprotein, and the target protein with a purity of about 90% was successfully obtained. The interaction confirmation tests revealed that the fluorescence intensity of a characteristic peak induced by the endogenous chromophores in glycoprotein was decreased with the addition of MOA, indicating changes in the microenvironment of glycoprotein. Moreover, the interaction could cause a slight conformational change in glycoprotein, as shown by the content of ß-turn, ß-folding, and random coil of protein all increased with the decrease of α-helix content after the addition of MOA compound. These results demonstrated that MOA could act as a novel drug against fish rhabdovirus via direct targeting of glycoprotein.

The contribution of the smartphone use to reducing depressive symptoms of Chinese older adults: The mediating effect of social participation.

Background: Depression is a prevalent mental health disorder. Although Internet use has been associated with depression, there is limited data on the association between smartphone use and depressive symptoms. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between smartphone use and depressive symptoms among older individuals in China. Methods: 5,244 Chinese older individuals over the age of 60 were selected as the sample from the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey (CLASS) 2018 dataset. The dependent variable "depression symptoms" was measured using the 9-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale. The study employed multiple linear regression to investigate the relationship between smartphone use (independent variable) and depressive symptoms in older people. Thorough analyses of robustness, sensitivity, and heterogeneity were conducted to ensure the robustness and sensitivity of the findings. Additionally, mediating effect analysis was performed to elucidate the mechanism through which the dependent and independent variables were related. Results: Empirical study indicated that smartphone use had a negative impact on depressive symptoms among older adults, specifically leading to a reduction in such symptoms. The above-mentioned result was verified through endogenous and robustness tests. The heterogeneity analysis revealed that older individuals aged 70 years and above, male, and residing in urban areas exhibited a stronger association between smartphone use and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, the mediating effect model indicated that political participation, voluntary participation, and active leisure participation mediated the relationship between smartphone use and lower levels of depression symptoms among the older adults. However, passive leisure participation had a suppressing effect on the relationship between smartphone use and reduced depressive symptoms among the older adults. Limitations: The causal relationship between variables required further investigation with a longitudinal design. Conclusion: These findings suggested that smartphone use may be considered an intervention to reduce depression symptoms among older people by increasing levels of political participation, voluntary participation, and active leisure participation.

Applying TEC-VARIETY to Motivate and Engage Learners for Online Learning Success.

ABSTRACT: Learner motivation plays an essential role in overcoming barriers to achieve online learning success. Many health professions educators, however, are not familiar with evidence-based motivational principles and techniques that tap into learners' inner resources to promote online learning success. The TEC-VARIETY (T-Tone; E-Encouragement; C-Curiosity; V-Variety; A-Autonomy; R-Relevance; I-Interactivity; E-Engagement; T-Tension; and Y-Yielding products) framework provides evidence-based principles and techniques that motivate and engage learners. Health professions educators can identify and assemble appropriate activities to motivate and engage online learners. Educators are encouraged to use Design-Based Research to guide their adoption of TEC-VARIETY and evaluation of outcomes.

Highly hygroscopicity and antioxidant nanofibrous dressing base on alginate for accelerating wound healing.

The removal of bacterium and free radicals is important for wound healing. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare biological dressings with antibacterial and antioxidant properties. In this study, high-performance calcium alginate/carbon polymer dots/forsythin composite nanofibrous membrane (CA/CPDs/FT) was explored under the influence of carbon polymer dots and forsythin. The addition of carbon polymer dots improved the nanofiber morphology and therefore enhanced the mechanical strength of the composite membrane. Moreover, CA/CPDs/FT membranes displayed satisfactory antibacterial and antioxidant properties because of the natural properties of forsythin. Meanwhile, outstanding hygroscopicity over 700% was also obtained for the composite membrane. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that the CA/CPDs/FT nanofibrous membrane could prevent the invasion of bacteria, scavenge free radicals, and promote wound healing. Moreover, its good hygroscopicity and antioxidation characteristics were friendly for the clinical application of high-exudate wounds.

Wet-spinning fluorescent alginate fibres achieved by doping PEI modified CPDs for multiple anti-counterfeiting.

Carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) with satisfactory excitation-dependent-emission and biocompatibility had great potential in anti-counterfeiting fibres field. However, it was difficult for CPDs to combined into the fibres due to the unstable interaction between CPDs and spinnable polymer matrix. Polyethyleneimine (PEI) was used to modify CPDs (namely PEI-CPDs) for achieving stable interactions with sodium alginate (SA) by a simple method, which including the physical interaction between the amino groups of PEI-CPDs and carboxyl groups of SA and the chain entanglement between two types of polymer chains. Then alginate fibres based on PEI-CPDs (PEI-CPDs/CaALG fibres) were successfully prepared by wet-spinning for the first time with less loss of PEI-CPDs. The high mechanical strength, excellent thermal stability and good biocompatibility achieved by PEI-CPDs/CaALG fibres. Furthermore, the fibres exhibited the excitation-dependent-emission property. Anti-counterfeiting of the fibres was conducted on both textile and papers, which showed higher security than the existing anti-counterfeiting fibres.

Asymmetric wettable polycaprolactone-chitosan/chitosan oligosaccharide nanofibrous membrane as antibacterial dressings.

Wound infection and inflammation hinder the process of wound healing and bother human beings chronically. As a naturally degradable macromolecule, chitosan (CS) has been widely used in antibacterial wound dressings. However, the antibacterial property of chitosan is inhibited by its water insolubility. In this study, we prepared a bilayered asymmetric nanofibrous membrane with the hydrophilic CS/chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) nanofibrous membrane as the bottom layer and the hydrophobic polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibrous membrane as the top layer. Results showed that incorporating COS improved the CS membrane's wettability, and adding 0.5 % COS increased the inhibition zone diameter of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by 23 % and 26 %, respectively. Moreover, the PCL layer could prevent the adhesion of water and bacteria. The PCL-CS/COS0.5% membrane showed relatively good mechanical properties, excellent water absorptivity (460 %), and appropriate cytocompatibility. This asymmetric wettable membrane has a massive potential to serve as a new antibacterial dressing for wound healing.